“守护生命，爱在身边”：KIN 康复与护理中心 2022 年度初级急救与心肺复苏术（CPR）技能培训大会

Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. Cardiac arrest is different: it occurs when the heart suddenly stops pumping blood effectively. A heart attack can sometimes lead to cardiac arrest, but the two conditions are not the same.

Warning signs of a heart attack may include chest pressure or pain that can spread to the neck, jaw, back, or arms; sweating; nausea; dizziness; unusual fatigue; and shortness of breath. Symptoms can vary. Sudden collapse, unresponsiveness, and absent or abnormal breathing may indicate cardiac arrest and require immediate emergency action.

First Aid for a Suspected Heart Attack or Cardiac Arrest
1. Call Thailand’s emergency medical service at 1669 immediately. Ask someone nearby to bring an AED if one is available, and follow the emergency dispatcher’s instructions.
2. If the person is conscious and breathing, help them rest in a comfortable position, loosen tight clothing, keep them calm, and monitor their condition. Do not give food, drink, or medication unless directed by a qualified healthcare professional or emergency dispatcher.
3. If the person is unresponsive, first make sure the scene is safe. Check for a response and assess whether the person is breathing normally. Occasional gasps are not normal breathing. Call 1669 and begin CPR promptly.
4. Place the person on their back on a firm, flat surface. Put the heel of one hand in the center of the chest and the other hand on top. Keep your arms straight and give chest compressions at 100–120 per minute to a depth of about 5–6 cm, allowing the chest to fully recoil and keeping interruptions as short as possible. If trained and able, use a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths; otherwise, hands-only CPR is appropriate for an adult who suddenly collapses. Continue until emergency personnel take over, the person shows clear signs of life, or you are unable to continue.
5. Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) as soon as it becomes available. Turn it on, attach the pads as shown, follow the spoken or visual prompts, and make sure no one is touching the person during rhythm analysis or shock delivery.